Dictionary

801 entries

• adyéktipf n.

  adjective

• adyéktipfikén v.

  to make (a verb) into an adjective

• Afganistan n.

  Afghanistan

• afganistanis a.

  Afghan

• Afrika n.

  Africa

• afrikais a.

  African

• afrikaisi, afrikaisan n.

  African man, African woman

• agar n.

  part, chapter

  Agar san — Part One

• agén v.

  are (be, plural present)

• agené n.

  agency

• agenir n.

  agent, distributor

• Agusté n.

  August

• akordén v.

  to agree; to confirm

  Ittsi akordé karu yunge. — I agree with you.

• aktién v.

  to take, to use

• aktipf a.

  active

• aktipfir n.

  activist

• ale adv.

  only

• Almanie n.

  Germany

  with the article: d’Almanie

• almanis a.

  German

• almanisi, almanisan n.

  German man, German woman

• alpfabt n.

  alphabet

• Amerika n.

  America

• amerikais a.

  American

• amerikaisi, amerikaisan n.

  American man, American woman

• amis a.

  fresh

  amisis · amister

• amitén v.

  to pray

• amunisi n.

  underwear

• anskanach a.

  curious

• anskas n.

  question

• anskén v.

  to ask

  anské · ansktén · ansknén

• ansksentimt n.

  question sentence

  pl. ansksentimtént

• anskwort n.

  question word

• ant conj.

  and

• antara prep.

  between

• antéksa n.

  attention, concern

• Antéksi! interj.

  Be careful! Take care!

  also a farewell

• April n.

  April

• Arabie n.

  the Arab world

• arabis a.

  Arabic

• arabisi, arabisan n.

  Arab (man, woman)

• arangirén v.

  to arrange

• ard conj.

  or

• ard n.

  earth

  also conj. “or”

• ardan n.

  queen

• ardi n.

  king

• ardiman n.

  kingdom

• Argentinie n.

  Argentina

• argentinis a.

  Argentinian

• argentinisi, argentinisan n.

  Argentinian man, woman

• ari n.

  day

  pl. ariént

• ari solenseli adv.

  every Sunday

• ariéli a.

  daily

• arman a.

  secure

• armanté n.

  security

  from arman + -té

• armantir n.

  security, shield

• armen n.

  training

• armenzor n.

  coach, trainer

• artik n.

  article (in a newspaper, magazine)

• artikel n.

  (grammatical) article

• as n.

  east

• Aserbaidean n.

  Azerbaijan

• Asie n.

  Asia

• Asipf n.

  Egypt

• asipfir n.

  Egyptian (person)

• asipfis a.

  Egyptian

• asis a.

  Asian

• asisi, asisan n.

  Asian man, Asian woman

• Astimer n.

  East Timor

• astimeris a.

  East Timorese

• astimerisi, astimerisan n.

  East Timorese man, woman

• at n.

  art

• aten n.

  sculpture, statue

• atén v.

  to appreciate

• atis a.

  artistic

  atisis · atister

• atkas n.

  gratitude, appreciation

  usually uncountable

• Atné ul ittse. phr.

  Thank you. (formal)

  Atné ul ittse vunk d’tabirkas.

• Atné! interj.

  Thanks!

  Atné vunk d’tabirkas! — Thanks for the gift!

• atzor n.

  artist

• Australie n.

  Australia

• australis a.

  Australian woman

• awskas n.

  answer

• awskén v.

  to answer

  awské · awsktén · awsknén

• bakirén v.

  to work

  bakiré · bakirté/bakirtén · bakirné/bakirnén

• band prep.

  than

• bang n.

  thing, stuff

• banglais a.

  Bangladeshi

• banglaisi, banglaisan n.

  Bangladeshi man, woman

• Banglaska n.

  Bangladesh

• bank n.

  bank

• bankarén v.

  to build, to create

• bankir n.

  banker

• bankirén v.

  to save, to deposit

• bant n.

  railway station

• banthirepod n.

  subway

• bantsuberpod n.

  flyover

• bar a.

  capable

• bar n.

  bar, pub

• barén v.

  to see, to look

  baré · barté/bartén · barné/barnén

• barte n.

  capability

• barteli adv.

  late

• basé n.

  base, foundation

• basiéli adv.

  basically

• basik a.

  basic

• basika sentimtént n.

  basic sentences

• Bearla n.

  Britain

• bearlis a. / n.

  British; English (language)

• bearlisi, bearlisan n.

  Englishman, Englishwoman

• beartuél a.

  virtual

• bentam a.

  corrupt, damaged

• beran n.

  milk

• bés n.

  bus

• béspod n.

  bus stop, bus shelter

• béylén v.

  to buy

  béylé/béylén · béylté/béyltén · béylné/béylnén

• biér n.

  beer

• bisa conj.

  until

• blodén v.

  to need

  blodé/blodén · blodté/blodtén · blodné/blodnén

• bog a.

  great, huge, large

• bog gérai phr.

  good morning

• bog nagan phr.

  good evening

• bog roterai phr.

  good afternoon

• bog sian phr.

  good day

• Boga Bearla n.

  Great Britain

• bogat a.

  good

  bogis · bogster (irregular stem)

• bogis a.

  better

• bogster a.

  best

• boi prep.

  by (general)

  for a passive use ul

• bolén v.

  to prostitute

• Bolivie n.

  Bolivia

• bolivis a.

  Bolivian

• boll n.

  ball

• bollam a.

  wet, moist

• bollun n.

  balloon

• bolnir n.

  prostitute

• bomén v.

  to bombard

• bondé n.

  headband, hair tie

• bordo n.

  table

  pl. bordént

• borén v.

  to be born

  past borté

• brak n.

  brother

  pl. braként

• brakenkas n.

  departure

• bransén v.

  to wake up (from sleep)

  regular

• branskén v.

  to bring

  branské · bransktén · bransknén

• brén n.

  rice

• bron a.

  sad

• bront n.

  brain

• bronté n.

  sadness

  Yunga bronté its ittsé. — sympathy (formal:

  Yanga bronté its ittsé.)

• bros a.

  big

  brosis · broster

• Bruné (Dar as-Salam) n.

  Brunei

• brunét a.

  brown, brunette

• bukt n.

  book

  pl. buktént

• buktstohl n.

  bookstore

  compound: bukt + stohl

• bur n.

  letter

• buran n.

  number

• burén v.

  to say

• Burma n.

  Myanmar

• burmis a.

  Burmese

• burmisi, burmisan n.

  Burmese man, woman

• burté v.

  said (past of burén)

• butanie n.

  botany

• butanir n.

  botanist

• butanis a.

  botanical

• ca n.

  tea

• caca a.

  cut up

• cadas a.

  steady, steadfast

• caifsa n.

  institution, foundation

• caipf a.

  watery

• cebeu n.

  hair

• célba a.

  far, distant

• cialén v.

  to offend, to allude

• cie, opénsipf a.

  offensive

• Cilé n.

  Chile

• Cinéska n.

  China

• cinis a. / n.

  Chinese; Mandarin (language)

• cinisi, cinisan n.

  Chinese man, woman

• cliat n.

  star

  pl. cliatént

• clisé n.

  cliché

• d’ art.

  the

  joins the first word of the whole noun phrase: d’bogata bukt

• da art.

  (definite) genitive article

• dafuter adv.

  tomorrow

• dakir n.

  hill

• dakiré a.

  hilly

• damar n.

  beauty

• damaris a.

  beautiful, magnificent

• dansa n.

  dance

• dansén v.

  to dance

• dante a.

  redundant

• dante n.

  aunt

• dantédim n.

  relative, kinfolk

• danyél a.

  weak, mushy

• dapaskt adv.

  yesterday

• daté v.

  lived

• Deakarté n.

  Jakarta

• dealén v.

  to stand up

• deana n.

  heaven

• dear n.

  jar, flask

• dedalénti n.

  negotiation

• deditis a.

  poor, underprivileged indefinite

• demak a.

  shabby, dishevelled

• dénis a. / n.

  Danish; Danish (language)

• dénisi, dénisan n.

  Danish man, woman

• Dénska n.

  Denmark

• deolin n.

  doll

• depinité adv.

  definitely

• depinitipf a.

  definitive

• Désémber n.

  December

• dié n.

  wind

• dijiét n.

  digit

• dim n.

  uncle

• dimanskenti n.

  presence

• dindemané a.

  thin, bony, lanky

• dir adv.

  here

• dira det.

  this, these

  invariant

• dirari adv.

  today

• dirnagan adv.

  tonight

• disen a.

  available, free

  Its yung disen dafuter? — Are you free tomorrow?

• Dmakmakis n.

  Maquish (language)

  English name: Maquish

• dolar n.

  dollar

• dona n.

  life

• donén v.

  to wear, to put on; to live, to exist

• donésén v.

  to contribute

• donésyen n.

  contribution, endowment

• donészor n.

  donor, contributor

• dotir n.

  daughter

• drat adv.

  there

• drata det.

  that, those

  invariant

• drén a.

  angry

  noun drénté

• drénté n.

  anger

• duhundrat num.

  two hundred, 200

• duna conj.

  because

  clause may come before or after the main clause

• dunari n.

  Tuesday

• dunarili adv.

  every Tuesday

• durak prep.

  except

• dusenz num.

  twelve, 12

• duséylén v.

  to eliminate

• duskil n.

  nail

• dustilén v.

  to burn, to set fire

• duta ord.

  second

• dutausénd num.

  two thousand, 2,000

• dwalet n.

  girl

• ébeolikén v.

  to evolve

• ébeolusyen n.

  evolution

• éiris a. / n.

  Irish; Irish Gaelic (language)

• éirisi, éirisan n.

  Irish man, woman

• Éirla n.

  Ireland

• éirli adv.

  early

• ejj n.

  year

  pl. ejjént

• ékasan a.

  diligent

• ékolé n.

  college

• ékonomé n.

  economics

• ékonomie n.

  economy

• ékonomir n.

  economist

• ékonomis a.

  economic

• éksa n.

  bread

• éksémplar n.

  copies, exemplar

• ékstrovérn a.

  extroverted

• ékulémén v.

  to depend (on)

• ekulemnis a.

  dependent, contingent

• émiris a.

  clean

• émpfengén v.

  to start, to begin

• en art.

  a, an

  no indefinite plural article

• endén v.

  to finish

  endé/endén · endté/endtén · endné/endnén

• énduren a.

  relieved

  noun éndurenté

• éndurenté n.

  relief

• ensa …-se art.

  (indefinite) genitive article

• entatén v.

  to make

• Érope n.

  Europe

• éropis a.

  European

• éropisi, éropisan n.

  European (man, woman)

• és n.

  ice

• ésis a.

  icy

• éskrim n.

  ice cream

• Ésla n.

  Iceland

• éslaisi a.

  Icelandic

• Étiopf n.

  Ethiopia

• étiopfis a.

  Ethiopian

• étiopfisi, étiopfisan n.

  Ethiopian man, woman

• étsamén v.

  to check, to examine, to go through

• etskonto n.

  example

  pl. etskontént

• fa a.

  hard, strong, tough

• fadal conj.

  whereas

• fakménli adv.

  expertly

• famarlach n.

  family

• famin n.

  woman, lady, female

• faminir n.

  feminist

• faminisma n.

  feminism

• famis a.

  hungry

• fanach a.

  full (after eating)

  Ittsi its fanach.

• fanipfén v.

  to wait

• fantastis a.

  fantastic

• Fanté! interj.

  Sorry! Excuse me!

  fuller or formal: Fanté ittse!

• fantén v.

  to forgive

  regular

• fantkas n.

  forgiveness; apology

  usually uncountable

• fanurpfal n.

  detail, annotation

• faris n.

  religion

• farisis a.

  devout, religious

• Fébruar n.

  February

• ferdos n.

  paradise

• férin a.

  south

• féstar n.

  festival

• fier num.

  four, 4

• fiersenz num.

  fourteen, 14

• fierta ord.

  fourth

• fiertari n.

  Thursday

• fif num.

  five, 5

• fifsenz num.

  fifteen, 15

• fifta ord.

  fifth

• fiftari n.

  Friday

• finn a. / n.

  indulgent; affection

• fiona a.

  magical

• fionir n.

  witch, wizard

• fionis a. / n.

  Finnish; Finnish (language)

• fionisi, fionisan n.

  Finnish man, woman

• Fionla n.

  Finland

• fionochta n.

  magic

• fisén v.

  to know

• fisenkas n.

  knowledge

• fisil a.

  tall

• florénsésen n.

  spring

• foderén v.

  to stuff (food)

• fran a.

  nice, friendly, kind

  franis · franster · noun franté

• Fran vunk grabekén yunge. phr.

  Nice to meet you.

  formal (fixed idiom): Fran vunk grabekén yange.

• Franka n.

  France

• fransis a. / n.

  French; French (language)

• fransisi, fransisan n.

  French man, woman

• frantara n.

  mediator, in-between

• franté n.

  kindness, friendliness

• frékuentli adv.

  often

  same as rasterli

• frét a.

  free (of charge)

  before a noun: fréta

• frukt n.

  fruit

• frum n.

  formula

• frumité n.

  formulation

• fuaren a.

  cold

• fule n.

  village

• fulépfoten a.

  messy, dirty

• fuler n.

  snake

• fysike n.

  physics

• fysis a.

  physical

• fyskis a.

  psychological, mental

• fyskologie n.

  psychology

• gadeul a.

  freak

• gaelis a.

  Gaelic

• gagasyen n.

  idea

• gailén v.

  to build

• gailenkas n.

  building

• gaimwér n.

  painting

• galaxia beranisa jise n.

  Milky Way galaxy

• Gandach n.

  Canada

• gandis a.

  Canadian

• gandisi, gandisan n.

  Canadian man, woman

• ganskén v.

  to carry, to transport

• gantie a.

  cute, funny

• gaskén v.

  to invite

  gaské · gaskté/gasktén · gaskné/gasknén

• gé a.

  homosexual

• gekslanté n.

  approval

• gekslantén v.

  to approve

• gelas n.

  glass

• genetisa mutesyen n.

  genetic mutation

• gérai n.

  morning

  bog gérai — good morning

• géraikémachta n.

  breakfast

• gératé n.

  humility

• gératis a.

  humble, modest

  noun gératé

• gian n.

  itinerary

• gien n.

  gene

• giénétiké n.

  genetics

• gienetis a.

  genetic

• glovén v.

  to believe

  glové/glovén · glovté/glovtén · glovné/glovnén

• gnotskas n.

  behaviour, habit

• golf n.

  golf

• golkiari n.

  sister

• goma n.

  mom (slang)

• gopa n.

  dad (slang)

• goral a.

  stony

• gostar n.

  market

• got n.

  potency

• goténta n.

  grocery store

• gotis a.

  potential

• grabekas n.

  meeting

  Fran vunk grabekén yung — nice to meet you

• graden adv.

  just now

• graduikén v.

  to graduate

• gramat n.

  grammar

  Dmakmakisa Gramat — Maquish Grammar

• grasén v.

  to cry, to exclaim

  grasé · grasté/grastén · grasné/grasnén

• gratérén v.

  to chop

• gué n.

  cake

• gunst n.

  desert

• guten n.

  cat, kitten

• hadean a.

  current

• hadeanli adv.

  currently

• haden n.

  wheat

• haisnén v.

  to be called, to be named

  Ittsi hant en guten haisnén Naser

• hal a.

  dry

  before a noun: hala · Ittsi its hal. — I’m thirsty.

• hant v.

  has, have (singular present)

  plural hantén · past hot/hotén · infinitive hantén

• hantén v.

  have (plural present)

• harpén v.

  to hope

  Ittsi harpé. — I hope so. · Ittsi harpé vornén. · Ittsi harpé vio…

• harpfanach a.

  hopeful

• harpkas n.

  hope

• hat n.

  half (in clock times)

  op hat sek — at 5:30 · op hat du — at 1:30

• hauhl n.

  house

• Hauhl om Cliatént n.

  Dublin

• Hayst n.

  Armenia

• haystir n.

  Armenian (person)

• haystis a. / n.

  Armenian; Armenian (language)

  plural helmén

• helmar adv.

  maybe, perhaps

• helmén aux.

  may (plural)

• helo interj.

  hello

• hepfersésen n.

  autumn

• hérkis a.

  delicious

  before a noun: hérkisa

• hértarén v.

  to shred

  shredded: hértarnén

• hi interj.

  hi

• Hindiést n.

  India

• hindiéstir n.

  Indian (person), Desi

• hindiéstis a.

  Indian

• hindu a. / n.

  Hindu; Hinduism

• hire prep.

  under

• Hiunanst n.

  Greece

• hiunanstir n.

  Greek (person)

• hiunanstis a. / n.

  Greek; Greek (language)

• horor a.

  scary

• hororfilma n.

  horror movie

• hot v.

  had (singular past)

• hotén v.

  had (plural past)

• hundrat num.

  hundred, 100

• hundratta ord.

  hundredth

• huren num.

  seven, 7

• hurensenz num.

  seventeen, 17

• hurenta ord.

  seventh

• hurhara n. / a.

  riot; frenzied

• hurli a.

  insane, mad

• Indonésia n.

  Indonesia

• indonésis a. / n.

  Indonesian; Indonesian (language)

• indonésisi, indonésisan n.

  Indonesian man, woman

• int prep.

  in; on (weekdays, dates); in (months, years)

  int sanari, int d’tréta Oktober

• int serval phr.

  on time

• intpikierén v.

  to remember

  intpikieré/intpikierén · intpikierté/intpikiertén · intpikierné/intpikiernén

• introvérn a.

  introverted

• Iran, Perska n.

  Iran

• irone n.

  irony

• ironis a.

  ironic

• ironisli adv.

  ironically

• its v.

  is (be, singular present)

  plural agén · past vart/vartén · infinitive itsén

• itsén v.

  to be

  present its/agén

• ittsa det.

  my

• ittse pron.

  me (object)

• ittsé pron.

  mine

  Dira bukt its ittsé.

• ittserant pron.

  myself

  object: Ittsi baré ittserant vogu en atzor. · emphatic (rare), after the subject: Ittsi ittserant rité d’bukt.

• ittsi pron.

  I

  object ittse · possessive ittsa

• Ittsi até yangen. phr.

  I appreciate you. (formal)

  casual: Ittsi até.

• Januar n.

  January

• jar adv.

  also, too

• Juli n.

  July

• Juni n.

  June

• kaberra n.

  wellbeing (Vogu its yunga kaberra? — How are you?)

• kafé n.

  coffee

• kagumirén v.

  to admire, adore

  regular

• karauto n.

  car

  pl. karautént

• karé n.

  clothes

  pl. karént

• karu prep.

  with

• kéista prep.

  since, for (elapsed time)

  kéista du ejjént sila

• kemakén v.

  to eat

  kemaké · kemakté/kemaktén · kemakné/kemaknén

• ken det.

  no (none)

• kenén aux.

  can (plural)

• kens aux.

  can (singular)

  plural kenén

• kére n.

  ape

• kian n.

  child

  pl. kianént

• klisetén v.

  to study

• klustén v.

  to listen

  irregular: klusté/klustén · klisté/klistén · klisné/klisnén

• koklad n.

  chocolate

  pl. kokladént

• kokladéskrim n.

  chocolate ice cream

• kolbe n.

  son

• kompanié n.

  company

• konst adv.

  already

• kosén v.

  to use

  regular

• kosk a.

  long

• kubis a.

  busy

• kun prep.

  as (in comparisons)

  kunteré · kunterté/kuntertén · kunterné/kunternén

• kunterzor n.

  teacher

  pl. kunterzorént

• ladant n.

  meat

• laist n.

  fish

• lapfis a.

  dark (shade)

  lapfissural — dark blue · lapfisméra — dark red

• larnén v.

  to learn

  irregular: larné · lorté/lortén · lorné/lornén

• larnzor n.

  student, learner

• lasén a.

  tired

• laster n.

  vegetable

  pl. lasterént

• later adv.

  again

  not “later” — for that use yohér

• latra a.

  much, many (before a noun)

  latra haden, latra larnzorént

• Latra atkas! phr.

  Many thanks!

• latré a.

  much, many (after its)

  irregular: mois · moster

• laut n.

  hand

  pl. lautént

• lektomli adv.

  quickly

  comparative lektomlis

• lektomli conj.

  as soon as

  same word as lektomli “quickly”

• lektomlis adv.

  faster, more quickly

  -li + -is drops one i

• lektomlister adv.

  fastest

• lipén v.

  to live (somewhere)

  Von lipé yung? — Where do you live?

• lokiere v.

  is located

• lopféter interj.

  please

  at the start or end of a request: Lopféter, tugaré ittse! · Tugaré ittse lopféter!

• luanst adv.

  always

  lumissural — light blue; before a noun: lumissurala bukt

• lunen n.

  month; moon

• Mai n.

  May

• malér a.

  embarrassed

  noun malérté

• malérté n.

  embarrassment

• mander n.

  garden

  pl. manderént

• mandirén v.

  to shower, to bathe (oneself)

  regular

• Mar n.

  March

• medan conj.

  while, as

• melarifbukt n.

  dictionary

• méma n.

  mother; Mother (as a name, without d’)

  ul méma — by Mother

• ména conj.

  if

  can open or close the sentence (comma optional); the ména clause follows the main clause’s tense: Ittsi wilk vornén ména yung vorné. · Ittsi wilkté kemakén ména ittsi vart d’ardi. — I would eat if I were the king.

• ménit n.

  minute

• méra a.

  red

  before a noun: méra (no double a)

• métrént n.

  metres

• metsa a.

  smart (before a noun)

  en metsa bront — a smart brain

• mobilfon n.

  mobile phone

  pl. mobilfonént

• modilverba n.

  modal verb

• mois a.

  more

• moster a.

  most

• muder a.

  young

• muderméra a.

  pink

  muder + méra

• muzik n.

  music

• na interj.

  no

  Na! — quick disagreement

• na- prefix

  un-, not (on adjectives and nouns)

  na-definitipf, na-foselnén

• na-foselnén a.

  unbeaten

• nagan n.

  evening, night

  bog nagan — good evening

• nagankémachta n.

  dinner

  short form: nagankéma

• nakaru prep.

  without

  Ittsi racieré sandiranach nakaru yunge.

• nam n.

  name

• naména conj.

  unless

  na- + ména

• nan adv.

  not

  before the verb it negates: Ittsi nan prusé vornén (don’t try) · Ittsi prusé nan vornén (try not to)

• Nan- prefix

  don’t (negative command)

  Nan- + singular present: Nan-vorné!

• nanst adv.

  never

  needs no extra nan

• Nantéorach! interj.

  Not at all! You’re welcome! (also accepts an apology)

• nézo conj.

  and yet

• nomina n.

  noun

  pluréla nomina — plural nouns

• nopfe a.

  new

• nostal n.

  bone

• noster a.

  next

  before a noun: nostra (nostra sétari, nostra lunen, nostra ejj)

• Novémber n.

  November

• nukar a.

  black

• oblivén v.

  to forget

  oblivé/oblivén · oblivté/oblivtén · oblivné/oblivnén

• obyékt n.

  object

• odizyen n.

  audition

• Oktober n.

  October

• om prep.

  of, from

  om von — from where

• om von phr.

  from where

• onda a.

  small

  comparative ondis · superlative ondster

• ondis a.

  smaller

• ondster a.

  smallest

  d’ondstera brak — the smallest brother

• op prep.

  on (a surface); at (clock times)

• orénse a.

  orange

  before a noun: orénsa

• pakirén v.

  to wear, to put on; to get dressed

  Ittsi pakiré. — I get dressed. (Ittsi pakiré ittserant is also possible, but rare.)

• panér a.

  hot

  before a noun: panéra

• pank a.

  proud

  noun pankté

• pankté n.

  pride

• pasena adv.

  still

• pegis a.

  nervous

• pépa n.

  father

• pérnir n.

  reason

• persir n.

  Iranian (person)

• persis a. / n.

  Persian, Iranian; Persian (language)

• personilpronomina n.

  personal pronoun

• persont n.

  person

  pikieré/pikierén · pikierté/pikiertén · pikierné/pikiernén

• Ping yohér! phr.

  See you later!

  also Ping dafuter! (see you tomorrow), Ping later! (see you again)

• pingén v.

  to see, meet, encounter

  irregular: pingé/pingén · pangté/pangtén · pangné/pangnén

• pingkas n.

  appointment

  Ittsi hant en pingkas karu d’kunterzor int sanari op fif.

• pondérén v.

  to ponder

• posézipf a.

  possessive

• prusén v.

  to try

  prusé/prusén · prusté/prustén · prusné/prusnén

• rabiari n.

  birthday

• racierén v.

  to feel

  Ittsi racieré sianach. — I feel happy. · Vogu racieré yung? — How do you feel?

• racikén v.

  to wash (something)

  regular

• raikén v.

  to celebrate

  raiké · raikté/raiktén · raikné/raiknén

• raikis a.

  excited

  noun raikisté

• raikisté n.

  excitement

• rampirén v.

  to change; to take off (clothes)

  Ittsi rampiré d’grabekas sur dunari. — I’m moving the meeting to Tuesday.

• rasterli adv.

  often

  same as frékuentli

• rasterlis adv.

  more often

• renbarén v.

  to read

  renbaré · renbarté/renbartén · renbarné/renbarnén

• d’Résspublach da Mogént-se Cinéska n.

  People’s Republic of China

  after the adjective: Ittsi its raikis rést.

• ritén v.

  to write

  irregular: rité · reté/retén · rené/renén

• rom n.

  friend

  pl. romént

• roterai n.

  afternoon

  bog roterai — good afternoon

• rus aux.

  must (singular)

  plural rusén

• rusén aux.

  must (plural)

• sacherant pron.

  each other, one another

  normal object position; plural or collective subjects

• sal n.

  salt

• samarén v.

  to comfort

  noun samarkas (comfort, consolation)

• samarkas n.

  comfort, consolation

• samérli adv.

  together

• san num.

  one, 1

• sanari n.

  Monday

  on Monday: int sanari

• sanarili adv.

  every Monday

  also dunarili, trénarili, fiertarili, fiftarili, sektarili, ari solenseli

• sandir a.

  alone

• sandiranach a.

  lonely

  noun sandiranachté

• sandiranachté n.

  loneliness

• d’Saniknéna Arabisa Émiratént n.

  United Arab Emirates (SAÉ)

• d’Saniknéna Ardiman n.

  United Kingdom

  in full: d’Saniknéna Ardiman om Boga Bearla ant Térina Éirla

• d’Saniknéna Marsitént om Amerika n.

  United States of America (SMA)

• sanmiliar num.

  one billion

• sanmilion num.

  one million

• santa ord.

  first

• sapirén v.

  to prepare

  regular

• Saudisa-Arabie n.

  Saudi Arabia

• sayap pron.

  who (question and relative)

• sayapse det.

  whose

  before the possessed noun

• sek num.

  six, 6

• sekairén v.

  to wipe

• sekerli adv.

  sometimes

• seksenz num.

  sixteen, 16

• sekta ord.

  sixth

• sektari n.

  Saturday

• sekunte n.

  second (of time)

• sent a.

  old

  before a noun: senta

• sentimt n.

  sentence

  pl. sentimtént

• senz num.

  ten, 10

• senzdu num.

  twenty, 20

• senzdu-duta ord.

  twenty-second

• senzdu-san num.

  twenty-one, 21

• senzdu-santa ord.

  twenty-first

• senzduta ord.

  twentieth

• senzta ord.

  tenth

• senztré num.

  thirty, 30

• senztréta ord.

  thirtieth

• Séptémber n.

  September

• séren a.

  calm

• sérfén v.

  to stay

  Vér helm sérfén dir. — We may stay here.

• sétari n.

  week

• séylén v.

  to sell

  séylé · séylté/séyltén · séylné/séylnén

• séynéna a.

  shined

• sian n.

  midday

  siankémachta — lunch

• Sianacha rabiari! phr.

  Happy birthday!

• sianachanach a.

  full of happiness, cheerful

• sianachté n.

  happiness

• siankémachta n.

  lunch

• sigotar conj.

  although

• sila part. / a.

  (closes a kéista phrase); last (sila sétari — last week)

• similiél sur phr.

  similar to

  Ziter its similiél sur d’lunen. — It is similar to the moon. (For “like”, use vogu.)

• simo num.

  eight, 8

• simosenz num.

  eighteen, 18

• simota ord.

  eighth

• sing interj.

  goodbye

• singén v.

  to sing

  singé · singté/singtén · singné/singnén

• skalersésen n.

  winter

• skihalént n.

  contents

• skirén v.

  to cook

  skiré · skirté/skirtén · skirné/skirnén

• skirkamer n.

  kitchen

• Sklafé bogatli! phr.

  Good night! Sleep well!

  reply: Atné!

• sklafén v.

  to sleep

• skohl n.

  school

• slat n.

  song

  pl. slatént

• solen n.

  sun

  ari solense — Sunday

• solensésen n.

  summer

• spaler a.

  hungry

  same as famis

• splainén v.

  to play

• sprikén v.

  to speak

  spriké · sprikté · sprikné

• sreg a.

  bad

  sregis · sregster

  Ittsi its sregli — I feel bad

• stam n.

  hour

• startén v.

  to begin

  same meaning as émpfengén

• startzor n.

  beginner

  vunk Startzor — for beginners

• stéiropfom n.

  Styrofoam

• Stopfé! interj.

  Stop!

  command form of stopfén

• stopfén v.

  to stop

  regular; command Stopfé!

• stuhl n.

  head

• stuk n.

  city

• suk n.

  sugar

• sup n.

  soup

• supaskt conj.

  after

• sur prep.

  to

  sur von — to where

• sur von phr.

  to where

• sur- prefix

  toward, into

  surint, surop, surhire

• sural a.

  blue

• surhire prep.

  to under, toward under

• surint prep.

  into

• surop prep.

  onto

• suvér conj.

  before

• swain num.

  nine, 9

• swainsenz num.

  nineteen, 19

• swainta ord.

  ninth

• swat part.

  let’s; let me (command form of swatén)

  swat + infinitive: Swat vornén! — no pronoun needed

• Swat raikén! phr.

  Congratulations! Let’s celebrate!

  all registers irregular: swaté/swatén · sworté/swortén · sworné/swornén; command: Swat! — Swat barén!

• syuturnéna a.

  shocked

• tabirén v.

  to give

  tabiré · tabirté/tabirtén · tabirné/tabirnén

• tabirkas n.

  gift

• tad prep.

  during

• tal n.

  egg

  pl. talént

• talen a.

  yellow

• tangis a.

  strong

  tangisis · tangister

• tarkis a.

  brave

• tausénd num.

  thousand, 1,000

• tauséndta ord.

  thousandth

• temvak n.

  tense

  présta present · paésta past · futura future

• teratén v.

  to come

  irregular: teraté · teroté/terotén · teroné/teronén

• Térina Éirla n.

  Northern Ireland

• tésan a.

  shy

• tomisén v.

  to measure

• tonén v.

  to love

  Ittsi toné yunge. — I love you.

• torik n.

  mouth

• tré num.

  three, 3

• treir pron.

  they

  object trére · possessive tréra

• trémilion num.

  three million

• tremis a.

  afraid

  noun tremisté

• tremisté n.

  fear

• trénari n.

  Wednesday

• tréra det.

  their

• tréré pron.

  theirs

• trérerant pron.

  themselves

• trésenz num.

  thirteen, 13

• tréta ord.

  third

• trikén v.

  to drink

  triké · trikté/triktén · trikné/triknén

• tugarén v.

  to help

  tugaré · tugarté/tugartén · tugarné/tugarnén

• tugarkas n.

  help, assistance (received)

  usually uncountable

• turasén v.

  to visit

• ul prep.

  by (agent of a passive)

  D’gué béylné ul méma.

• université n.

  university

• upfen a.

  slow

  adverb upfenli

• upfenli adv.

  slowly

  comparative upfenlis

• upfenlis adv.

  more slowly

• upfenlister adv.

  most slowly

• ursakén v.

  to cause

  ursaké/ursakén · ursakté/ursaktén · ursakné/ursaknén

• ut- prefix

  away from, out of

  utint, utop, uthire

• uthire prep.

  from under

• utint prep.

  out of

• utop prep.

  off, away from (a surface)

• van adv.

  why

• vantar n.

  luck, fortune

  Latra vantar! — Good luck! (reply: Atné!)

• vart v.

  was (be, singular past) plural past)

  two meanings — context decides

• vatiris a.

  anxious, worried

  Ittsi racieré vatiris. — I’m worried.

• véldigdapf a.

  stunned

  before a noun: véldigdapfa

• ven adv.

  when (question and relative)

• vér prep.

  for (any duration)

  vér du ejjént — for two years

• vér pron.

  we

  homonym of vér "for (duration)"; object vére · possessive véra

• véra det.

  our

• verba n.

  verb

  pl. verbént

• vérdan a.

  green

• vére pron.

  us

• véré pron.

  ours

• vérerant pron.

  ourselves

• veris a.

  honest

• verlorén v.

  to regret

  noun verlorkas

• verlorkas n.

  regret

• vermisén v.

  to miss (someone)

  regular

• vérmutén v.

  to guess

• versikén v.

  to clean

  regular

• versukén v.

  to like

  regular

• vi pron.

  what; which, that (relative, things)

• vi latré phr.

  how much, how many

• vi péne phr.

  how long

• viat n.

  shoe

  pl. viatént

• vidéfisenkas n.

  introduction

• vikén conj.

  whether

  indirect yes/no questions; normal word order after it vilé/vilén · vilté/viltén · vilné/vilnén

• vinfianach a.

  confident

  noun vinfianachté

• vinfianachté n.

  confidence

• vio conj.

  that (reported speech)

• violét a.

  purple

• vogu adv. / prep.

  how; as, like

  vogu d’lunen — like the moon · Ittsi baré ittserant vogu en atzor. — I see myself as an artist.

• Vogu its yung? phr.

  How are you?

  also a greeting for someone not seen for a long time; reply: Ittsi its bogat. / Bogat!

• von adv.

  where (question and relative)

• vornén v.

  to go

  irregular: vorné · varté/vartén · varné/varnén

• vunk prep.

  for (purpose, reason)

  vunk Startzor; Atné vunk d’tabirkas; not for durations, which use vér

• vusboll n.

  football

• walterén v.

  to disappoint

• waltern a.

  disappointed

  noun walternté

• walternté n.

  disappointment

• wanonén v.

  to borrow

• wélser a.

  fluent

  adverb wélserli

• wélserli adv.

  fluently

• wilk aux.

  will (singular)

  + infinitive; plural wilkén; with a passive both agree: D’slatént wilkén singnén.

• wilkén aux.

  will (plural)

• wilkté aux.

  would (singular)

  plural wilktén; + infinitive; question: Wilkté yung vornén?

• wisar a.

  white

• wisk n.

  water

• wiwi interj.

  hi, hello

  pl. workzorént

• wort n.

  word

  pl. wortént

• wunder n.

  bowl

  pl. wunderént

• yanga det.

  your (formal singular)

• yange pron.

  you (formal singular)

  object yangen · possessive yanga

• yangé pron.

  yours (formal)

• yangen pron.

  you (formal singular, object)

• yangenrant pron.

  yourself (formal)

• yanges pron.

  you (formal plural)

  object yangsen · possessive yangsa

• yangsa det.

  your (formal plural)

• yangsé pron.

  yours (formal plural)

• yangsen pron.

  you (formal plural, object)

• yangsenrant pron.

  yourselves (formal)

• yapsari adv.

  every day

• yohér adv.

  later

  ping yohér

• yok interj.

  yes

• yung pron.

  you (singular)

  object yunge · possessive yunga

• yunge pron.

  you (singular, object)

  e.g. Ittsi wilk turasén yunge.

• yungé pron.

  yours (singular)

• yungerant pron.

  yourself

• yungs pron.

  you (plural)

  object yungsen · possessive yungsa

• yungsa det.

  your (plural)

• yungsé pron.

  yours (plural)

• yungsen pron.

  you (plural, object)

• yungsenrant pron.

  yourselves

• zemuris a.

  jealous

  noun zemuristé

• zemuristé n.

  jealousy

• zipfir n.

  spoon

• ziter pron.

  it

  object zitere · possessive zitera

• zitera det.

  his, her, its

• zitere pron.

  he, she; him, her, it (object)

  takes singular verbs: zitere kemaké

• ziteré pron.

  his, hers, its

• zitererant pron.

  himself, herself, itself

• zubyékt n.

  subject